A Chinese student makes a sentence as follows "He is a rich man who like tra...

作者: tihaiku 人气: - 评论: 0
问题 A Chinese student makes a sentence as follows "He is a rich man who like traveling". The error in that sentence is the result of__________.
选项 A.negative transfer B.positive transfer C.overgeneralization D.pragmatic failure
答案 A
解析 考查二语习得。二语习得者在学习外语的过程中很容易受到母语的影响。如果外语和母语有相似之处,母语便可有利于外语学习,这叫作正迁移(positive transfer,也叫facilitation);如果外语和母语有不同之处,母语便会阻碍外语的学习,这叫作负迁移(negative transfer,也叫interference),差异越大,影响越大。题干例子便是负迁移的表现,因为汉语中谓语动词没有第三人称单数形式。故选A。外语习得中还有一些错误.不能用母语的影响来解释,比如He speaked English.这个例子,只能说是学习者过度应用了语法规则,这种现象叫作overgeneralization。语用错误(pragmatic failure)则是按照本民族的文化习惯来表达,结果违反了目的语国家的文化习俗,比如和外国人见面时打招呼:“Have you had dinner?”

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